Calculadora de Motor y Reductor
Ingresa parámetros de carga (masa, radio, fricción, perfil de movimiento) para calcular torque requerido, seleccionar relación de reducción óptima y verificar el sistema completo de motor + reductor.
Application Presets
Load Calculation
This tool provides approximate sizing estimates. Always verify with manufacturer datasheets and detailed simulation before final design decisions.
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What Is Motor & Gearbox Sizing?
Motor and gearbox sizing is the process of determining the correct motor and gear reducer for a mechanical system. The goal is to match the motor's torque and speed capabilities with the load requirements while maintaining an acceptable inertia ratio for stable motion control. This calculator covers the complete 4-step workflow: calculating load torque and speed from mechanical parameters, selecting a motor with adequate margins, choosing a gearbox with the right ratio and efficiency, and verifying the overall system meets all design criteria.
How to Use This Calculator
- Select your drive type (rotary or linear) and enter load parameters such as mass, radius, target speed, and acceleration time to calculate required torque and speed.
- Enter your motor specifications (rated torque, speed, rotor inertia) to check if the motor provides sufficient margin for your load requirements.
- Choose a gearbox type and ratio to calculate output torque, reflected inertia, and inertia ratio — use auto-calculate for an optimal starting ratio.
- Review the system verification dashboard showing all 5 check items and the overall system grade (A/B/C) to confirm your design is viable.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a good inertia ratio for servo motors?
For servo motors, an inertia ratio (reflected load inertia to rotor inertia) below 5:1 is generally recommended for precise motion control. Ratios up to 10:1 may be acceptable for less demanding applications. Stepper motors can tolerate higher ratios, typically up to 10:1. The gearbox reduces the reflected inertia by the square of the gear ratio, so increasing the gear ratio significantly improves the inertia match.
How do I convert linear motion to rotary motor requirements?
The conversion depends on your mechanism. For ball screws, the motor speed equals linear speed × 2π ÷ lead, and the reflected inertia equals mass × (lead/2π)². For belt drives and rack-and-pinion, motor speed equals linear speed ÷ pulley radius, and reflected inertia equals mass × radius². Each mechanism also has an efficiency factor (typically 85–95%) that affects the torque calculation.
Why do I need a safety factor in motor sizing?
A safety factor (typically 1.5–2.0) accounts for uncertainties in friction estimates, load variations during operation, mechanical wear over time, and startup conditions that may require higher torque than steady-state calculations suggest. A 20% torque margin above the calculated requirement is the minimum recommended for reliable continuous operation.
What is the difference between this and the Motor Sizing Calculator?
The Motor Sizing Calculator on this site is designed for electrical installations — calculating Full Load Amps (FLA), NEC code compliance, motor starter sizing, and wire gauges. This Motor & Gearbox Sizing Calculator is for robotics and mechanical systems — calculating load torque from physical parameters, matching motors to mechanical loads, selecting gearboxes for optimal inertia ratio, and verifying the complete motion control system.
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